Which mode of steering does NOT utilize the helm wheel?

Automatic steering is a mode that does not utilize the helm wheel because it relies on electronic or mechanical systems to control the direction of the vessel without direct manual input from the operator. In this mode, sensors and computer systems take over the steering functions, allowing the vessel to maintain a set course or to follow a pre-programmed route.

This method is particularly useful in larger vessels or in situations where continuous manual steering would be impractical. The helm wheel is designed for manual adjustment and control, making it unnecessary in an automatic setting where the system is managing navigation and steering autonomously.

In contrast, other steering modes, such as AFT/Local, Backup Manual, and CAM, all require the use of the helm wheel to adjust the direction of the vessel directly. Each of these options involves a level of human intervention through the helm wheel, either for manual navigation or corrective actions for steering.